Developmental: Tummy Time

These instructions for caregivers of Children's Hospital of Philadelphia (CHOP) patients offer information and recommendations about tummy time for infants.

Information about tummy time:

Babies need tummy time because they spend a lot of time on their backs. When awake they spend long periods in car seats, carriers, or swings. Babies also spend much of their time sleeping on their backs.

The American Academy of Pediatrics says the safest way for your baby to sleep is flat on their back. This reduces the risk of sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS).

Tummy time helps your baby:

• Strengthen the muscles in their neck, shoulders, back and hands.

• Prevent flat spots from forming on their head.

• Stretch their neck muscles so they can turn their head well.

• Develop balance, problem-solving, sensory and visual skills.

Patient instructions: tummy time positions

On your chest:

Lie on your back and hold your baby on your chest facing you. This will help your baby lift their head to look at you. Encourage them to bring their elbows under their shoulders. If your baby needs help, gently turn your baby’s head to both sides.

Over a blanket or nursing pillow:

Put a nursing pillow, small towel or blanket under your baby’s chest. Encourage them to bring their elbows under their shoulders. This will make it easier for them to lift their head and look around.

On your lap:

Put your baby over your legs. If your baby has trouble lifting their head, raise one of your legs higher to make it easier.

On the floor:

Play with your baby on the floor. Lie in front of them or put toys in front and to both sides. This will encourage your baby to turn their head and reach with both hands.

After dressing, diapering and bathing:

After you dress, diaper or bathe your baby, gently roll them to their belly before picking them up. You can use this time to play with them.

Tips for tummy time:

• It should be fun but may be challenging for your baby. If they are fussy on their belly, give them a break or try using a pacifier to calm them.

• Try tummy time on the first day home from the hospital. You can practice on your chest or a nursing pillow.

• Stay with your baby during tummy time.

• Try tummy time throughout the day for brief periods. Slowly increase the amount of time. This will help your baby learn to play in this position.

• If your baby falls asleep when on their tummy, put them on their back to sleep.

• Wait 30 minutes after feeding to put your baby on their tummy. This will prevent them from spitting up after their feeding.

• Place toys, mirrors, or family members in front of your baby when they are playing. This will encourage them to lift their head, look to both sides and reach with both arms.

Reviewed on January 23, 2023 by Meghan Burkhardt, MS, OTR/L, BCP